Protein Synthesis Basic DNA 1 The DNA is made up of very long chains of four basic building blocks. 2. These building blocks or bases are Guanine (G), Cytosine (C) Adenine (A), and Thymine (T). 3 DNA consist of two side strands and each strand is made of these bases. 4 The pairing of the bases between side strands follows a pattern where G pairs with C and A pairs with T. 5 This pattern of bases is called complementary base pairing. DNA Code 6 The DNA code is made up bases grouped in three letter combinations called codons. 7 Each three-letter codon, codes for one of 20 amino acid which are the building blocks of proteins. 8 The sequence of codons in the gene enables amino acids to be assembled in the correct order to make up a protein. 9 Codons exist only on one DNA side strand, the other side strand just has complementary bases. Transcription 10 The DNA is separated and mRNA is made complementary to one DNA side strand. 11 The mRNA leaves the nucleus and goes to a ribosome which makes proteins. Translation 12 tRNAs continuously bring many of each kind of amino acid to the ribosome. 13 Anticodons on the tRNA pair with the codons on the mRNA. 13 This anticodon to codon pairing puts the amino acids brought by the tRNA in the correct order 14 The ribosome connects the amino acids making a chain of amino acids 15 The chain of amino acids will fold to the correct shape forming a protein.
DNA
1 The DNA is made up of very long chains of four basic building blocks.
2. These building blocks or bases are Guanine (G), Cytosine (C) Adenine (A), and Thymine (T).
3 DNA consist of two side strands and each strand is made of these bases.
4 The pairing of the bases between side strands follows a pattern where G pairs with C and A pairs with T.
5 This pattern of bases is called complementary base pairing.
DNA Code
6 The DNA code is made up bases grouped in three letter combinations called codons.
7 Each three-letter codon, codes for one of 20 amino acid which are the building blocks of proteins.
8 The sequence of codons in the gene enables amino acids to be assembled in the correct order to make up a protein.
9 Codons exist only on one DNA side strand, the other side strand just has complementary bases.
Transcription
10 The DNA is separated and mRNA is made complementary to one DNA side strand.
11 The mRNA leaves the nucleus and goes to a ribosome which makes proteins.
Translation
12 tRNAs continuously bring many of each kind of amino acid to the ribosome.
13 Anticodons on the tRNA pair with the codons on the mRNA.
13 This anticodon to codon pairing puts the amino acids brought by the tRNA in the correct order
14 The ribosome connects the amino acids making a chain of amino acids
15 The chain of amino acids will fold to the correct shape forming a protein.